Sulfurous Acid
Sulfurous acid
CAS: 7782-99-2
Molecular Formula: H2O3S
Sulfurous Acid - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Sulfurous acid |
| Synonyms | yaliusuan sulfurous sulfonic acid Sulfurous acid SULPHUROUS ACID schwefligesaure SULFUROUS ANHYDRIDE sulfurdioxidesolution Sulfur dioxcide solution Sulfurous acid, for analysis Sulfurous anhydride solution |
| CAS | 7782-99-2 |
| EINECS | 231-973-1 |
| InChI | InChI=1/H2O3S/c1-4(2)3/h(H2,1,2,3) |
| InChIKey | LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Sulfurous Acid - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | H2O3S |
| Molar Mass | 82.08 |
| Density | 1.03g/mLat 25°C(lit.) |
| Water Solubility | Miscible with water. |
| Vapor Density | 2.3 (vs air) |
| Appearance | Liquid |
| Color | Colorless |
| Merck | 14,8976 |
| pKa | 1.92(at 25℃) |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with strong bases. |
| Sensitive | Air Sensitive |
| Refractive Index | 1.788 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Density 1.03g/mL at 25°C(lit.) Sensitive Air Merck 14,8976 |
| Use | Used as analytical reagents, preservatives, bleaching agents and reducing agents |
Sulfurous Acid - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R20 - Harmful by inhalation R34 - Causes burns R36/38 - Irritating to eyes and skin. |
| Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) |
| UN IDs | UN 1833 8/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | WT2775000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 10-23 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 28111990 |
| Hazard Class | 8 |
| Packing Group | II |
Sulfurous Acid - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | sulfur dioxide |
Sulfurous Acid - Reference Information
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| derivatives of hydrocarbons | sulfonic acids are derivatives in which the hydrogen atom in the hydrocarbon molecule is substituted with a sulfonic acid group (-SO3H), it is also a derivative in which a hydroxyl group in the sulfuric acid molecule is substituted by an alkyl group, such as CH3SO3H methanesulfonic acid, C6H5SO3H benzenesulfonic acid, chlorosulfonic acid Cl-SO3H and the like, which can be represented by the general formula R-SO3H, when R is an alkyl sulfonic acid; when R is an aryl group, the aryl sulfonic acid is abbreviated as aryl sulfonic acid. sulfonic acid is the strongest acid among organic acids, and its acid strength is similar to sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid. The calcium and magnesium salts of sulfonic acid are soluble in water, and their sodium salts react with phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5) or thionyl chloride (Cl2SO) to form the corresponding sulfonyl chloride. Aromatic sulfonic acid in the acid hydrolysis, can remove the sulfonic acid group to generate the corresponding aromatic compounds; Sulfonic acid sodium salt and sodium hydroxide melting, and then acidification to generate phenol. This is an industrial process for the preparation of phenols. It is prepared by sulfonation of hydrocarbons or by the reaction of the first halogenated hydrocarbon with sodium sulfite at higher temperatures, and can also be obtained by oxidation of thiols and thiols. Aromatic sulfonic acids are intermediates in the synthesis of dyes and pharmaceuticals. in industry or laboratory, some arylsulfonic acids, such as P-toluenesulfonic acid, are often used as acidic catalysts to replace sulfuric acid; Some of the longer-chain alkylbenzene sulfonic acid sodium salts, such as sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, are found in soft water, hard water are good detergency detergent. |
| important chemical raw materials | There are two kinds of sulfonic acids: aliphatic sulfonic acid and aromatic sulfonic acid. The main sulfonic acids are methyl sulfonic acid, P-toluene sulfonic acid, O-cresol sulfonic acid, P-styrene sulfonic acid, dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid, and sulfonic acid ion exchange resins, such as polystyrene resin and phenolic resin. sulfonic acid is soluble in water and has strong hygroscopicity. Sulfonic acid group is a strong water-soluble, strong acidic group, which has the same strong acid acid as sulfuric acid. It is stable to oxidizing and reducing agents. The aromatic sulfonic acid is heated together with the dilute acid, and the sulfonic acid group is substituted by hydrogen, and then alkali fusion generates phenol. Sulfonic acid groups have the effect of reducing toxicity, for example, the introduction of sulfonic acid groups into toxic aniline, 2-naphthylamine or certain nitro compounds can make them non-toxic. sulfonic acid and its derivatives are important chemical raw materials, used as detergents, emulsifiers, lubricating additives, catalysts, ion exchange resins and so on. The purpose of the use of low alkylbenzene sulfonates is to render substances that are less soluble in water soluble. The main use of high alkyl benzene sulfonic acid is household detergent. Alkyl Sulfonates are a strong alkylating agent. Aryl sulfonates are the starting materials for pesticides. Sulfonic acids are effective catalysts for alkylation, polymerization, esterification, transesterification, etherification, and dehydration reactions. The use of a sulfonic acid type ion exchange resin as a catalyst has the advantage of being insoluble in the reaction system, simple operation and easy regeneration. Sulfonic acid can produce sulfonyl chloride; Sulfonyl chloride can be ammoniated to produce sulfonamide, a series of sulfonamide drugs can be prepared from sulfonamide. Reference: Editor-in-chief of an Jiaju; Bao Wenzao, Wang Boying, Li Shunping. Practical Fine Chemical Dictionary. Beijing: China Light Industry Press. |
| sulfonate | as a detergent and rust inhibitor of lubricating oil, sulfonate can improve the detergency and rust resistance of lubricating oil. Although there are many varieties of sulfonates, they can be roughly divided into several types. According to different sources of raw materials can be divided into petroleum sulfonates (natural sulfonates) and synthetic sulfonates, the effect of the two is similar; According to the base value can be divided into neutral or low base value (<100) sulfonate, medium base value (about 150), High base value (about 300) and Super base value (about 400) sulfonate; According to the different types of metal can be divided into sodium sulfonate, calcium sulfonate, magnesium sulfonate and barium sulfonate, but with calcium sulfonate used more. Sulfonates are typically sulfonated with fuming sulfuric acid or sulfur trioxide on suitable lube oil fractions (petroleum sulfonates) or alkylbenzenes (synthetic sulfonates), then in the promoter under the action of metallization to produce different base number of various types of metal sulfonate. It is an amber to dark brown product of an oil solution. Sulfonic acid salt raw material is easy to obtain, the price is cheap, has the high temperature detergent is good, the acid neutralization ability is strong and the rust resistance is good, and has certain dispersion and solubilization ability, it is used in combination with other additives in internal combustion engine oil and rust preventive oil, and has the disadvantage of promoting oxidation in use. The structure of calcium sulfonates with various base values are shown as follows: (RSO3)2 · Ca neutral calcium sulfonate (RSO3)2 · Ca · OH alkaline calcium sulfonate (RSO3)2. Ca ·(CaCO3)n medium, high and super alkaline calcium sulfonate |
| Related chemical reaction | ① reaction with aromatic hydrocarbon aromatic sulfonic acid and aromatic hydrocarbon occur arylation reaction on sulfur atom (sulfonylation reaction of aromatic hydrocarbon), formation of sulfone: (2) reaction with phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus oxychloride sulfonic acid or its sodium salt with phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus oxychloride and other co-heat, formation of sulfonyl chloride: (3) reaction with alkali sulfonic acid is a strong acid, which can react with alkali or weak acid and strong alkali salt, strong acid and strong alkali salt to form sulfonate. An Olefin is formed when an aliphatic sulfonate is fused with sodium hydroxide. sodium phenolate is formed when the aromatic sulfonate is fused with sodium hydroxide. (4) substitution reaction of sulfonic acid group The sulfonic acid group in aromatic sulfonic acid or its sodium salt can be substituted by hydrogen, hydroxyl, cyano, mercapto and amine group to form aromatic hydrocarbon, phenol, aryl nitrile, thiophenol, Amine and other compounds. |
| Use | used as analytical reagent, preservative, bleaching agent and reducing agent reducing agent, organic synthesis. |
| production method | 1. Wash industrial sulfur dioxide gas or steel bottle sulfur dioxide, and pass pure water to obtain sulfurous acid. 2. Sulfurous acid is only present in aqueous solution, and it is customary to treat an aqueous solution of sulfur dioxide as an aqueous solution of sulfurous acid. Sulfuric acid aqueous solution can be prepared by passing the steel bottle sulfur dioxide or sulfur dioxide produced by other methods into distilled water. |
| category | corrosive article |
| toxicity grade | high toxicity |
| Acute toxicity | oral-human TDL0: 0.5 mg/kg |
| flammability hazard characteristics | The pore forming agent is flammable in case of H; Toxic hydrogen cyanide gas is emitted in case of cyanide; thermal decomposition of toxic sulfur oxide gas |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; It is stored separately from oxidant, cyanide, H pore forming agent and alkali. |
| fire extinguishing agent | sand, water mist, carbon dioxide |
Last Update：2024-04-09 20:49:11
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Raw Materials for Sulfurous Acid